Display the current annotation data
show_annotations.RdDisplay the current annotation data
Examples
library(dplyr, warn.conflicts = FALSE)
library(tidyproteomics)
hela_proteins %>% show_annotations()
#> ℹ Current Annotation Terms
#> • protein
#> • description
#> • biological_process
#> • cellular_component
#> • molecular_function
#> • gene_id_entrez
#> • gene_name
#> • wiki_pathway
#> • reactome_pathway
#> • gene_id_ensemble
hela_proteins %>% show_annotations('reactome_pathway')
#> ℹ Descriptions for reactome_pathway
#> • Assembly of collagen fibrils and other multimeric structures
#> • Caspase-mediated cleavage of cytoskeletal proteins
#> • Type I hemidesmosome assembly
#> • Separation of Sister Chromatids
#> • MHC class II antigen presentation
#> • Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion
#> • HSP90 chaperone cycle for steroid hormone receptors (SHR) in the presence
#> of ligand
#> • Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes
#> • RHO GTPases Activate Formins
#> • COPI-mediated anterograde transport
#> • COPI-independent Golgi-to-ER retrograde traffic
#> • HCMV Early Events
#> • Aggrephagy
#> • EML4 and NUDC in mitotic spindle formation
#> • Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition
#> • Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes
#> • Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes
#> • Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane
#> • AURKA Activation by TPX2
#> • Neutrophil degranulation
#> • Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory
#> signal
#> • ChREBP activates metabolic gene expression
#> • Activation of gene expression by SREBF (SREBP)
#> • Fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis
#> • NR1H2 & NR1H3 regulate gene expression linked to lipogenesis
#> • Vitamin B5 (pantothenate) metabolism
#> • E3 ubiquitin ligases ubiquitinate target proteins
#> • Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA
#> • Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ)
#> • IRF3-mediated induction of type I IFN
#> • OAS antiviral response
#> • Platelet degranulation
#> • RHO GTPases activate PAKs
#> • GP1b-IX-V activation signalling
#> • Cell-extracellular matrix interactions
#> • Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation
#> • FCGR3A-mediated phagocytosis
#> • Sensory processing of sound by inner hair cells of the cochlea
#> • Sensory processing of sound by outer hair cells of the cochlea
#> • Translocation of SLC2A4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane
#> • Signaling by ALK fusions and activated point mutants
#> • RHO GTPases activate CIT
#> • EPHA-mediated growth cone collapse
#> • Sema4D induced cell migration and growth-cone collapse
#> • RHO GTPases activate PKNs
#> • RHO GTPases Activate ROCKs
#> • CD163 mediating an anti-inflammatory response
#> • ISG15 antiviral mechanism
#> • Signaling by BRAF and RAF1 fusions
#> • XBP1(S) activates chaperone genes
#> • SEMA3A-Plexin repulsion signaling by inhibiting Integrin adhesion
#> • Smooth Muscle Contraction
#> • Signaling by moderate kinase activity BRAF mutants
#> • Paradoxical activation of RAF signaling by kinase inactive BRAF
#> • Signaling downstream of RAS mutants
#> • Signaling by RAF1 mutants
#> • MAP2K and MAPK activation
#> • Signaling by high-kinase activity BRAF mutants
#> • GRB2:SOS provides linkage to MAPK signaling for Integrins
#> • p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins
#> • RHOV GTPase cycle
#> • RHOU GTPase cycle
#> • Nephrin family interactions
#> • RAF/MAP kinase cascade
#> • NCAM signaling for neurite out-growth
#> • Interaction between L1 and Ankyrins
#> • Signaling by FLT3 fusion proteins
#> • RHOD GTPase cycle
#> • RHOF GTPase cycle
#> • Antigen processing: Ubiquitination & Proteasome degradation
#> • Formation of the cornified envelope
#> • RND3 GTPase cycle
#> • RND1 GTPase cycle
#> • Apoptotic cleavage of cell adhesion proteins
#> • Mitotic Prophase
#> • mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway
#> • mRNA Splicing - Minor Pathway
#> • RHOC GTPase cycle
#> • RHOA GTPase cycle
#> • CDC42 GTPase cycle
#> • RAC1 GTPase cycle
#> • RHOQ GTPase cycle
#> • RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs
#> • RAC2 GTPase cycle
#> • Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion
#> • SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses
#> • HCMV Late Events
#> • Transport of the SLBP independent Mature mRNA
#> • Transport of the SLBP Dependant Mature mRNA
#> • Transport of Mature mRNA Derived from an Intronless Transcript
#> • Transport of Mature mRNA derived from an Intron-Containing Transcript
#> • Rev-mediated nuclear export of HIV RNA
#> • Transport of Ribonucleoproteins into the Host Nucleus
#> • NS1 Mediated Effects on Host Pathways
#> • Viral Messenger RNA Synthesis
#> • NEP/NS2 Interacts with the Cellular Export Machinery
#> • Regulation of Glucokinase by Glucokinase Regulatory Protein
#> • Nuclear import of Rev protein
#> • Vpr-mediated nuclear import of PICs
#> • snRNP Assembly
#> • SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins
#> • SUMOylation of ubiquitinylation proteins
#> • Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) Disassembly
#> • Regulation of HSF1-mediated heat shock response
#> • SUMOylation of SUMOylation proteins
#> • SUMOylation of chromatin organization proteins
#> • SUMOylation of RNA binding proteins
#> • SUMOylation of DNA replication proteins
#> • Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs
#> • Defective TPR may confer susceptibility towards thyroid papillary carcinoma
#> (TPC)
#> • tRNA processing in the nucleus
#> • Respiratory electron transport
#> • TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes
#> • Cytoprotection by HMOX1
#> • tRNA modification in the nucleus and cytosol
#> • Selenoamino acid metabolism
#> • Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation
#> • Pyrimidine biosynthesis
#> • B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression
#> • Protein methylation
#> • Uptake and function of diphtheria toxin
#> • Peptide chain elongation
#> • Synthesis of diphthamide-EEF2
#> • Syndecan interactions
#> • RHOBTB2 GTPase cycle
#> • Regulation of cytoskeletal remodeling and cell spreading by IPP complex
#> components
#> • Synthesis of active ubiquitin: roles of E1 and E2 enzymes
#> • Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by
#> Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs)
#> • Post-translational protein phosphorylation
#> • Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling
#> • Trafficking and processing of endosomal TLR
#> • Scavenging by Class A Receptors
#> • ATF6 (ATF6-alpha) activates chaperone genes
#> • COPI-dependent Golgi-to-ER retrograde traffic
#> • RIP-mediated NFkB activation via ZBP1
#> • DEx/H-box helicases activate type I IFN and inflammatory cytokines
#> production
#> • Potential therapeutics for SARS
#> • The role of GTSE1 in G2/M progression after G2 checkpoint
#> • Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling
#> • vRNP Assembly
#> • Estrogen-dependent gene expression
#> • Regulation of necroptotic cell death
#> • Downregulation of ERBB2 signaling
#> • Signaling by ERBB2 KD Mutants
#> • Signaling by ERBB2 TMD/JMD mutants
#> • Sema3A PAK dependent Axon repulsion
#> • DDX58/IFIH1-mediated induction of interferon-alpha/beta
#> • PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) biogenesis
#> • VEGFR2 mediated vascular permeability
#> • Chaperone Mediated Autophagy
#> • HSF1 activation
#> • Attenuation phase
#> • eNOS activation
#> • Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, recycling, salvage and regulation
#> • Constitutive Signaling by Ligand-Responsive EGFR Cancer Variants
#> • Constitutive Signaling by EGFRvIII
#> • Signaling by ERBB2 ECD mutants
#> • Constitutive Signaling by Overexpressed ERBB2
#> • Scavenging by Class F Receptors
#> • Drug-mediated inhibition of ERBB2 signaling
#> • Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to trastuzumab
#> • Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to sapitinib
#> • Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to tesevatinib
#> • Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to neratinib
#> • Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to osimertinib
#> • Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to afatinib
#> • Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to AEE788
#> • Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to lapatinib
#> • Drug resistance in ERBB2 TMD/JMD mutants
#> • Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling
#> • The NLRP3 inflammasome
#> • Purinergic signaling in leishmaniasis infection
#> • Butyrophilin (BTN) family interactions
#> • Effects of PIP2 hydrolysis
#> • Role of phospholipids in phagocytosis
#> • FCERI mediated Ca+2 mobilization
#> • FCGR3A-mediated IL10 synthesis
#> • Antigen activates B Cell Receptor (BCR) leading to generation of second
#> messengers
#> • Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste
#> • Ion homeostasis
#> • Ca2+ pathway
#> • VEGFR2 mediated cell proliferation
#> • Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels
#> • PLC beta mediated events
#> • DAG and IP3 signaling
#> • CLEC7A (Dectin-1) induces NFAT activation
#> • Laminin interactions
#> • Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthesis
#> • Maturation of spike protein
#> • Calnexin/calreticulin cycle
#> • Major pathway of rRNA processing in the nucleolus and cytosol
#> • rRNA modification in the nucleus and cytosol
#> • ABC-family proteins mediated transport
#> • Hedgehog ligand biogenesis
#> • Hh mutants are degraded by ERAD
#> • Defective CFTR causes cystic fibrosis
#> • Neddylation
#> • KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway
#> • Attachment and Entry
#> • Ovarian tumor domain proteases
#> • Josephin domain DUBs
#> • RHOH GTPase cycle
#> • Translesion Synthesis by POLH
#> • N-glycan trimming in the ER and Calnexin/Calreticulin cycle
#> • Mitochondrial protein import
#> • TFAP2A acts as a transcriptional repressor during retinoic acid induced
#> cell differentiation
#> • Golgi Associated Vesicle Biogenesis
#> • L13a-mediated translational silencing of Ceruloplasmin expression
#> • Translation initiation complex formation
#> • Formation of a pool of free 40S subunits
#> • Formation of the ternary complex, and subsequently, the 43S complex
#> • Ribosomal scanning and start codon recognition
#> • GTP hydrolysis and joining of the 60S ribosomal subunit
#> • Biotin transport and metabolism
#> • Carnitine metabolism
#> • Defective HLCS causes multiple carboxylase deficiency
#> • Myogenesis
#> • Adherens junctions interactions
#> • Nuclear events mediated by NFE2L2
#> • Pentose phosphate pathway
#> • Insulin effects increased synthesis of Xylulose-5-Phosphate
#> • Recruitment and ATM-mediated phosphorylation of repair and signaling
#> proteins at DNA double strand breaks
#> • Processing of DNA double-strand break ends
#> • G2/M DNA damage checkpoint
#> • SUMOylation of transcription factors
#> • MAPK6/MAPK4 signaling
#> • NPAS4 regulates expression of target genes
#> • Heme signaling
#> • Deactivation of the beta-catenin transactivating complex
#> • Estrogen-dependent nuclear events downstream of ESR-membrane signaling
#> • Downregulation of TGF-beta receptor signaling
#> • HuR (ELAVL1) binds and stabilizes mRNA
#> • Cyclin A/B1/B2 associated events during G2/M transition
#> • Downregulation of SMAD2/3:SMAD4 transcriptional activity
#> • HDR through MMEJ (alt-NHEJ)
#> • Formation of Incision Complex in GG-NER
#> • DNA Damage Recognition in GG-NER
#> • vRNA Synthesis
#> • POLB-Dependent Long Patch Base Excision Repair
#> • Dual Incision in GG-NER
#> • Recycling pathway of L1
#> • RHO GTPases Activate WASPs and WAVEs
#> • Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
#> • EPHB-mediated forward signaling
#> • VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway
#> • EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells
#> • Formation of annular gap junctions
#> • ER Quality Control Compartment (ERQC)
#> • Iron uptake and transport
#> • FGFR2 alternative splicing
#> • Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA
#> • Late endosomal microautophagy
#> • AUF1 (hnRNP D0) binds and destabilizes mRNA
#> • Lysosome Vesicle Biogenesis
#> • CHL1 interactions
#> • GABA synthesis, release, reuptake and degradation
#> • Lipophagy
#> • UCH proteinases
#> • Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production
#> • HATs acetylate histones
#> • Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC
#> • Folding of actin by CCT/TriC
#> • Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC
#> • BBSome-mediated cargo-targeting to cilium
#> • Association of TriC/CCT with target proteins during biosynthesis
#> • Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding
#> • RHOBTB1 GTPase cycle
#> • ER-Phagosome pathway
#> • Antigen Presentation: Folding, assembly and peptide loading of class I MHC
#> • Assembly of Viral Components at the Budding Site
#> • Regulation of expression of SLITs and ROBOs
#> • FCERI mediated NF-kB activation
#> • Downstream TCR signaling
#> • Activation of NF-kappaB in B cells
#> • Oxygen-dependent proline hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha
#> • Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes)
#> • SCF-beta-TrCP mediated degradation of Emi1
#> • APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Securin
#> • APC/C:Cdh1 mediated degradation of Cdc20 and other APC/C:Cdh1 targeted
#> proteins in late mitosis/early G1
#> • Cdc20:Phospho-APC/C mediated degradation of Cyclin A
#> • Vpu mediated degradation of CD4
#> • Vif-mediated degradation of APOBEC3G
#> • Degradation of beta-catenin by the destruction complex
#> • Regulation of activated PAK-2p34 by proteasome mediated degradation
#> • Autodegradation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1
#> • Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC)
#> • Asymmetric localization of PCP proteins
#> • Degradation of AXIN
#> • Degradation of DVL
#> • Dectin-1 mediated noncanonical NF-kB signaling
#> • Degradation of GLI1 by the proteasome
#> • Degradation of GLI2 by the proteasome
#> • GLI3 is processed to GLI3R by the proteasome
#> • Hedgehog 'on' state
#> • Regulation of RAS by GAPs
#> • NIK-->noncanonical NF-kB signaling
#> • Ub-specific processing proteases
#> • Orc1 removal from chromatin
#> • CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6
#> • G2/M Checkpoints
#> • Ubiquitin Mediated Degradation of Phosphorylated Cdc25A
#> • Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Cyclin D
#> • FBXL7 down-regulates AURKA during mitotic entry and in early mitosis
#> • RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of HSCs
#> • Regulation of RUNX2 expression and activity
#> • Regulation of PTEN stability and activity
#> • Interleukin-1 signaling
#> • Autodegradation of Cdh1 by Cdh1:APC/C
#> • SCF(Skp2)-mediated degradation of p27/p21
#> • Assembly of the pre-replicative complex
#> • Regulation of RUNX3 expression and activity
#> • Negative regulation of NOTCH4 signaling
#> • GSK3B and BTRC:CUL1-mediated-degradation of NFE2L2
#> • RND2 GTPase cycle
#> • RHOG GTPase cycle
#> • RHO GTPases activate KTN1
#> • Formation of TC-NER Pre-Incision Complex
#> • Dual incision in TC-NER
#> • Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER
#> • Recognition of DNA damage by PCNA-containing replication complex
#> • Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis
#> • Cristae formation
#> • Formation of ATP by chemiosmotic coupling
#> • Generic Transcription Pathway
#> • SUMOylation of transcription cofactors
#> • Glycolysis
#> • Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall
#> • Intraflagellar transport
#> • Microtubule-dependent trafficking of connexons from Golgi to the plasma
#> membrane
#> • Gap junction assembly
#> • Post-chaperonin tubulin folding pathway
#> • Carboxyterminal post-translational modifications of tubulin
#> • Assembly and cell surface presentation of NMDA receptors
#> • Activation of AMPK downstream of NMDARs
#> • Sealing of the nuclear envelope (NE) by ESCRT-III
#> • Kinesins
#> • Hedgehog 'off' state
#> • Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis)
#> • Insulin processing
#> • Nuclear events stimulated by ALK signaling in cancer
#> • SARS-CoV-2 modulates host translation machinery
#> • 2-LTR circle formation
#> • Ion transport by P-type ATPases
#> • Pre-NOTCH Processing in Golgi
#> • Reduction of cytosolic Ca++ levels
#> • IRE1alpha activates chaperones
#> • PERK regulates gene expression
#> • Activation of ATR in response to replication stress
#> • Activation of the pre-replicative complex
#> • Unwinding of DNA
#> • Degradation of the extracellular matrix
#> • Deregulated CDK5 triggers multiple neurodegenerative pathways in
#> Alzheimer's disease models
#> • Gene and protein expression by JAK-STAT signaling after Interleukin-12
#> stimulation
#> • Interferon alpha/beta signaling
#> • C6 deamination of adenosine
#> • Formation of editosomes by ADAR proteins
#> • Gluconeogenesis
#> • Manipulation of host energy metabolism
#> • RHOB GTPase cycle
#> • RHOJ GTPase cycle
#> • Mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation
#> • Amyloid fiber formation
#> • Peroxisomal protein import
#> • Meiotic synapsis
#> • Establishment of Sister Chromatid Cohesion
#> • Cohesin Loading onto Chromatin
#> • Formation of RNA Pol II elongation complex
#> • RNA Polymerase II Pre-transcription Events
#> • G alpha (q) signalling events
#> • G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta
#> • Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors
#> • Fatty Acids bound to GPR40 (FFAR1) regulate insulin secretion
#> • Synthesis of IP3 and IP4 in the cytosol
#> • Acetylcholine regulates insulin secretion
#> • Cargo recognition for clathrin-mediated endocytosis
#> • WNT5A-dependent internalization of FZD4
#> • LDL clearance
#> • Nef Mediated CD4 Down-regulation
#> • Retrograde neurotrophin signalling
#> • Nef Mediated CD8 Down-regulation
#> • WNT5A-dependent internalization of FZD2, FZD5 and ROR2
#> • VLDLR internalisation and degradation
#> • Postmitotic nuclear pore complex (NPC) reformation
#> • Apoptosis induced DNA fragmentation
#> • Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBP (SREBF)
#> • SARS-CoV-1 activates/modulates innate immune responses
#> • Assembly of the ORC complex at the origin of replication
#> • Initiation of Nuclear Envelope (NE) Reformation
#> • Inhibition of nitric oxide production
#> • Formation of HIV elongation complex in the absence of HIV Tat
#> • Formation of HIV-1 elongation complex containing HIV-1 Tat
#> • Pausing and recovery of Tat-mediated HIV elongation
#> • Tat-mediated HIV elongation arrest and recovery
#> • HIV elongation arrest and recovery
#> • Pausing and recovery of HIV elongation
#> • TP53 Regulates Transcription of DNA Repair Genes
#> • Regulation of TP53 Activity through Phosphorylation
#> • Synthesis of UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine
#> • Defective GFPT1 causes CMSTA1
#> • Deadenylation of mRNA
#> • TP53 regulates transcription of additional cell cycle genes whose exact
#> role in the p53 pathway remain uncertain
#> • Azathioprine ADME
#> • Mitochondrial translation elongation
#> • SARS-CoV-2 modulates autophagy
#> • RAB GEFs exchange GTP for GDP on RABs
#> • Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle)
#> • Formation of the Early Elongation Complex
#> • Formation of the HIV-1 Early Elongation Complex
#> • RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE during HIV infection
#> • Abortive elongation of HIV-1 transcript in the absence of Tat
#> • RNA polymerase II transcribes snRNA genes
#> • mRNA Capping
#> • RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE
#> • HIV Transcription Initiation
#> • RNA Polymerase II HIV Promoter Escape
#> • RNA Polymerase II Promoter Escape
#> • RNA Polymerase II Transcription Pre-Initiation And Promoter Opening
#> • RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation
#> • Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early
#> embryogenesis
#> • MicroRNA (miRNA) biogenesis
#> • Signaling by FGFR2 IIIa TM
#> • Inhibition of DNA recombination at telomere
#> • Biosynthesis of protectins
#> • Synthesis of Leukotrienes (LT) and Eoxins (EX)
#> • Biosynthesis of D-series resolvins
#> • Biosynthesis of E-series 18(S)-resolvins
#> • Biosynthesis of aspirin-triggered D-series resolvins
#> • Biosynthesis of E-series 18(R)-resolvins
#> • Interleukin-35 Signalling
#> • Interleukin-27 signaling
#> • Lysine catabolism
#> • Glyoxylate metabolism and glycine degradation
#> • Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors
#> • Metabolism of folate and pterines
#> • Budding and maturation of HIV virion
#> • Uptake and function of anthrax toxins
#> • SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane
#> • Asparagine N-linked glycosylation
#> • ATF4 activates genes in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress
#> • KSRP (KHSRP) binds and destabilizes mRNA
#> • Tristetraprolin (TTP, ZFP36) binds and destabilizes mRNA
#> • Butyrate Response Factor 1 (BRF1) binds and destabilizes mRNA
#> • mRNA decay by 3' to 5' exoribonuclease
#> • Apoptotic cleavage of cellular proteins
#> • Apoptotic execution phase
#> • Toll Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) Cascade
#> • Beta oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA to myristoyl-CoA
#> • Creatine metabolism
#> • Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) enhanced by the Exon Junction Complex (EJC)
#> • Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) independent of the Exon Junction Complex
#> (EJC)
#> • mRNA decay by 5' to 3' exoribonuclease
#> • Triglyceride catabolism
#> • Retrograde transport at the Trans-Golgi-Network
#> • RHOBTB3 ATPase cycle
#> • Suppression of apoptosis
#> • PTK6 Regulates Proteins Involved in RNA Processing
#> • COPII-mediated vesicle transport
#> • Golgi Cisternae Pericentriolar Stack Reorganization
#> • Depolymerisation of the Nuclear Lamina
#> • Breakdown of the nuclear lamina
#> • Formation of Senescence-Associated Heterochromatin Foci (SAHF)
#> • HDMs demethylate histones
#> • Complex I biogenesis
#> • WNT ligand biogenesis and trafficking
#> • SARS-CoV-1 modulates host translation machinery
#> • PKMTs methylate histone lysines
#> • TAK1-dependent IKK and NF-kappa-B activation
#> • IkBA variant leads to EDA-ID
#> • TRAF6 mediated NF-kB activation
#> • Interleukin-1 processing
#> • SUMOylation of immune response proteins
#> • Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes
#> • Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species
#> • Interleukin-12 signaling
#> • Interleukin-23 signaling
#> • Chylomicron assembly
#> • VLDL assembly
#> • LDL remodeling
#> • Deposition of new CENPA-containing nucleosomes at the centromere
#> • NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression
#> • mRNA 3'-end processing
#> • RNA Polymerase II Transcription Termination
#> • Processing of Intronless Pre-mRNAs
#> • RAC3 GTPase cycle
#> • Interconversion of nucleotide di- and triphosphates
#> • Fructose catabolism
#> • RNA Polymerase III Abortive And Retractive Initiation
#> • RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 1 Promoter
#> • RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 2 Promoter
#> • Regulation of TP53 Degradation
#> • PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling
#> • Cyclin D associated events in G1
#> • Disassembly of the destruction complex and recruitment of AXIN to the
#> membrane
#> • RAF activation
#> • Beta-catenin phosphorylation cascade
#> • Signaling by GSK3beta mutants
#> • CTNNB1 S33 mutants aren't phosphorylated
#> • CTNNB1 S37 mutants aren't phosphorylated
#> • CTNNB1 S45 mutants aren't phosphorylated
#> • CTNNB1 T41 mutants aren't phosphorylated
#> • APC truncation mutants have impaired AXIN binding
#> • AXIN missense mutants destabilize the destruction complex
#> • Truncations of AMER1 destabilize the destruction complex
#> • Spry regulation of FGF signaling
#> • MASTL Facilitates Mitotic Progression
#> • Regulation of glycolysis by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolism
#> • Negative regulation of MAPK pathway
#> • Platelet sensitization by LDL
#> • CTLA4 inhibitory signaling
#> • Inhibition of replication initiation of damaged DNA by RB1/E2F1
#> • DARPP-32 events
#> • PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of key metabolic factors
#> • ERKs are inactivated
#> • Glycosphingolipid metabolism
#> • Dissolution of Fibrin Clot
#> • PPARA activates gene expression
#> • Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation
#> • Surfactant metabolism
#> • SUMOylation of DNA methylation proteins
#> • PRC2 methylates histones and DNA
#> • Defective pyroptosis
#> • DNA methylation
#> • RUNX1 interacts with co-factors whose precise effect on RUNX1 targets is
#> not known
#> • RMTs methylate histone arginines
#> • Eukaryotic Translation Elongation
#> • NOTCH3 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus
#> • PIP3 activates AKT signaling
#> • Constitutive Signaling by Aberrant PI3K in Cancer
#> • Signaling by ERBB4
#> • SHC1 events in ERBB2 signaling
#> • GRB2 events in ERBB2 signaling
#> • PI3K events in ERBB2 signaling
#> • ERBB2 Regulates Cell Motility
#> • ERBB2 Activates PTK6 Signaling
#> • Signal transduction by L1
#> • GRB2 events in EGFR signaling
#> • GAB1 signalosome
#> • SHC1 events in EGFR signaling
#> • EGFR downregulation
#> • EGFR interacts with phospholipase C-gamma
#> • Inhibition of Signaling by Overexpressed EGFR
#> • PLCG1 events in ERBB2 signaling
#> • EGFR Transactivation by Gastrin
#> • PTK6 promotes HIF1A stabilization
#> • TFAP2 (AP-2) family regulates transcription of growth factors and their
#> receptors
#> • Aspartate and asparagine metabolism
#> • Response of EIF2AK1 (HRI) to heme deficiency
#> • Response of EIF2AK4 (GCN2) to amino acid deficiency
#> • Condensation of Prometaphase Chromosomes
#> • ALKBH3 mediated reversal of alkylation damage
#> • Heme biosynthesis
#> • Formation of the active cofactor, UDP-glucuronate
#> • Synthesis of PA
#> • Pyruvate metabolism
#> • PINK1-PRKN Mediated Mitophagy
#> • TYSND1 cleaves peroxisomal proteins
#> • Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol
#> • alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism
#> • Beta-oxidation of pristanoyl-CoA
#> • Beta-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids
#> • Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex
#> • mTORC1-mediated signalling
#> • Constitutive Signaling by AKT1 E17K in Cancer
#> • Energy dependent regulation of mTOR by LKB1-AMPK
#> • Amino acids regulate mTORC1
#> • Regulation of PTEN gene transcription
#> • CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling
#> • Macroautophagy
#> • HSF1-dependent transactivation
#> • Interferon gamma signaling
#> • NF-kB activation through FADD/RIP-1 pathway mediated by caspase-8 and -10
#> • Termination of translesion DNA synthesis
#> • Negative regulators of DDX58/IFIH1 signaling
#> • TRAF3-dependent IRF activation pathway
#> • TRAF6 mediated IRF7 activation
#> • EGR2 and SOX10-mediated initiation of Schwann cell myelination
#> • NGF-stimulated transcription
#> • Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Cascade
#> • NOSTRIN mediated eNOS trafficking
#> • ROS and RNS production in phagocytes
#> • Insulin receptor recycling
#> • Transferrin endocytosis and recycling
#> • Ion channel transport
#> • Defective HK1 causes hexokinase deficiency (HK deficiency)
#> • Methionine salvage pathway
#> • Regulation of TNFR1 signaling
#> • TNFR1-induced NFkappaB signaling pathway
#> • TNFR1-mediated ceramide production
#> • Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence
#> • Pre-NOTCH Transcription and Translation
#> • Oncogene Induced Senescence
#> • Transcriptional Regulation by VENTX
#> • RUNX1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and
#> platelet function
#> • Regulation of MECP2 expression and activity
#> • NR1H3 & NR1H2 regulate gene expression linked to cholesterol transport and
#> efflux
#> • Regulation of RUNX1 Expression and Activity
#> • Regulation of NPAS4 mRNA translation
#> • Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) regulate PTEN translation
#> • ECM proteoglycans
#> • Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions
#> • L1CAM interactions
#> • MET activates PTK2 signaling
#> • Transport and synthesis of PAPS
#> • Metabolism of ingested H2SeO4 and H2SeO3 into H2Se
#> • Role of ABL in ROBO-SLIT signaling
#> • Branched-chain amino acid catabolism
#> • tRNA processing in the mitochondrion
#> • tRNA modification in the mitochondrion
#> • rRNA processing in the mitochondrion
#> • tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA or tRNA-related fragment, tRF) biogenesis
#> • Glycogen synthesis
#> • Galactose catabolism
#> • Defective PGM1 causes PGM1-CDG
#> • Metabolism of ingested MeSeO2H into MeSeH
#> • Intra-Golgi traffic
#> • ALK mutants bind TKIs
#> • SARS-CoV-1-host interactions
#> • G alpha (12/13) signalling events
#> • Cargo concentration in the ER
#> • Telomere Extension By Telomerase
#> • Formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex
#> • Utilization of Ketone Bodies
#> • Synthesis of Ketone Bodies
#> • Signaling by cytosolic FGFR1 fusion mutants
#> • Signaling by FGFR1 in disease
#> • LRR FLII-interacting protein 1 (LRRFIP1) activates type I IFN production
#> • Fanconi Anemia Pathway
#> • Presynaptic phase of homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange
#> • HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR)
#> • Meiotic recombination
#> • HDR through Single Strand Annealing (SSA)
#> • Impaired BRCA2 binding to RAD51
#> • Translesion synthesis by REV1
#> • Translesion synthesis by POLK
#> • Translesion synthesis by POLI
#> • PCNA-Dependent Long Patch Base Excision Repair
#> • Removal of the Flap Intermediate
#> • Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in GG-NER
#> • Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand
#> • Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH6 (MutSalpha)
#> • Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH3 (MutSbeta)
#> • Mitochondrial calcium ion transport
#> • FCERI mediated MAPK activation
#> • Generation of second messenger molecules
#> • Regulation of PAK-2p34 activity by PS-GAP/RHG10
#> • Ephrin signaling
#> • Activation of RAC1
#> • CD209 (DC-SIGN) signaling
#> • CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway
#> • Nef and signal transduction
#> • Stimulation of the cell death response by PAK-2p34
#> • Pyrophosphate hydrolysis
#> • PD-1 signaling
#> • Activation of IRF3/IRF7 mediated by TBK1/IKK epsilon
#> • Signal regulatory protein family interactions
#> • Interleukin-3, Interleukin-5 and GM-CSF signaling
#> • RET signaling
#> • PI3K Cascade
#> • GPVI-mediated activation cascade
#> • Signaling by SCF-KIT
#> • Downstream signal transduction
#> • Tie2 Signaling
#> • Interleukin-6 signaling
#> • Signaling by Leptin
#> • Regulation of IFNG signaling
#> • Regulation of IFNA/IFNB signaling
#> • Signaling by CSF3 (G-CSF)
#> • PI-3K cascade:FGFR1
#> • FRS-mediated FGFR1 signaling
#> • PI-3K cascade:FGFR2
#> • FRS-mediated FGFR2 signaling
#> • FRS-mediated FGFR3 signaling
#> • PI-3K cascade:FGFR3
#> • FRS-mediated FGFR4 signaling
#> • PI-3K cascade:FGFR4
#> • Activated NTRK2 signals through FRS2 and FRS3
#> • MAPK3 (ERK1) activation
#> • MAPK1 (ERK2) activation
#> • Prolactin receptor signaling
#> • Interleukin-20 family signaling
#> • Netrin mediated repulsion signals
#> • Interleukin-37 signaling
#> • PECAM1 interactions
#> • MET activates PTPN11
#> • STAT5 activation downstream of FLT3 ITD mutants
#> • STAT5 Activation
#> • Regulation of Apoptosis
#> • Paracetamol ADME
#> • Transport of RCbl within the body
#> • Heme degradation
#> • Glutathione synthesis and recycling
#> • SLBP independent Processing of Histone Pre-mRNAs
#> • SLBP Dependent Processing of Replication-Dependent Histone Pre-mRNAs
#> • Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants
#> • Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants
#> • Circadian Clock
#> • Regulation of BACH1 activity
#> • MAP3K8 (TPL2)-dependent MAPK1/3 activation
#> • NOTCH1 Intracellular Domain Regulates Transcription
#> • Loss of Function of FBXW7 in Cancer and NOTCH1 Signaling
#> • Integrin cell surface interactions
#> • Basigin interactions
#> • Glutamate and glutamine metabolism
#> • Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine
#> • Neurexins and neuroligins
#> • MET activates RAP1 and RAC1
#> • RA biosynthesis pathway
#> • SUMO is conjugated to E1 (UBA2:SAE1)
#> • SUMO is transferred from E1 to E2 (UBE2I, UBC9)
#> • G alpha (i) signalling events
#> • Formyl peptide receptors bind formyl peptides and many other ligands
#> • BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression
#> • Nicotinamide salvaging
#> • Cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly
#> • Stimuli-sensing channels
#> • Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell
#> • GPER1 signaling
#> • Other semaphorin interactions
#> • Platelet Adhesion to exposed collagen
#> • Molecules associated with elastic fibres
#> • TGF-beta receptor signaling activates SMADs
#> • Fibronectin matrix formation
#> • Localization of the PINCH-ILK-PARVIN complex to focal adhesions
#> • MET interacts with TNS proteins
#> • Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis
#> • Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts
#> • SUMOylation of nuclear envelope proteins
#> • Acyl chain remodelling of PS
#> • Other interleukin signaling
#> • Nef mediated downregulation of MHC class I complex cell surface expression
#> • Recycling of eIF2:GDP
#> • Interleukin-7 signaling
#> • Signaling by phosphorylated juxtamembrane, extracellular and kinase domain
#> KIT mutants
#> • Signaling by PDGFRA transmembrane, juxtamembrane and kinase domain mutants
#> • Signaling by PDGFRA extracellular domain mutants
#> • Interleukin-10 signaling
#> • Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP)
#> • Growth hormone receptor signaling
#> • PTK6 Activates STAT3
#> • Inactivation of CSF3 (G-CSF) signaling
#> • STAT3 nuclear events downstream of ALK signaling
#> • BH3-only proteins associate with and inactivate anti-apoptotic BCL-2
#> members
#> • POU5F1 (OCT4), SOX2, NANOG activate genes related to proliferation
#> • Transcriptional regulation of granulopoiesis
#> • Signalling to STAT3
#> • MET activates STAT3
#> • Interleukin-15 signaling
#> • Interleukin-9 signaling
#> • Interleukin-21 signaling
#> • FOXO-mediated transcription of oxidative stress, metabolic and neuronal
#> genes
#> • Serine biosynthesis
#> • Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type
#> • Hypusine synthesis from eIF5A-lysine
#> • Advanced glycosylation endproduct receptor signaling
#> • Viral mRNA Translation
#> • Selenocysteine synthesis
#> • Eukaryotic Translation Termination
#> • NRAGE signals death through JNK
#> • SHOC2 M1731 mutant abolishes MRAS complex function
#> • Gain-of-function MRAS complexes activate RAF signaling
#> • Endogenous sterols
#> • Pregnenolone biosynthesis
#> • Defective CYP11A1 causes AICSR
#> • Electron transport from NADPH to Ferredoxin
#> • Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatases
#> • Axonal growth inhibition (RHOA activation)
#> • Methylation
#> • Sulfur amino acid metabolism
#> • Metabolism of ingested SeMet, Sec, MeSec into H2Se
#> • Defective AHCY causes HMAHCHD
#> • Purine catabolism
#> • Ribavirin ADME
#> • Purine salvage
#> • Defective PNP disrupts phosphorolysis of (deoxy)guanosine and
#> (deoxy)inosine
#> • Nucleotide catabolism
#> • G alpha (z) signalling events
#> • Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway
#> • ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12
#> • ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production
#> • Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
#> • Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis
#> • Synthesis of very long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs
#> • Intracellular metabolism of fatty acids regulates insulin secretion
#> • Mitochondrial translation initiation
#> • Mitochondrial translation termination
#> • Peptide ligand-binding receptors
#> • Sensing of DNA Double Strand Breaks
#> • CaMK IV-mediated phosphorylation of CREB
#> • CREB1 phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKII/CaMKK/CaMKIV
#> cascasde
#> • Regulation of NF-kappa B signaling
#> • Plasmalogen biosynthesis
#> • Phase I - Functionalization of compounds
#> • Vitamin C (ascorbate) metabolism
#> • Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes
#> • Defective Mismatch Repair Associated With MSH2
#> • Defective Mismatch Repair Associated With MSH6
#> • TP53 Regulates Transcription of Genes Involved in G2 Cell Cycle Arrest
#> • G1/S-Specific Transcription
#> • Transcription of E2F targets under negative control by DREAM complex
#> • Polymerase switching on the C-strand of the telomere
#> • Polymerase switching
#> • RNA Polymerase I Transcription Initiation
#> • RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape
#> • RNA Polymerase I Transcription Termination
#> • HDACs deacetylate histones
#> • Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated
#> genes KLK2 and KLK3
#> • Signaling by Retinoic Acid
#> • RORA activates gene expression
#> • Ethanol oxidation
#> • Metabolism of serotonin
#> • Notch-HLH transcription pathway
#> • Loss of MECP2 binding ability to the NCoR/SMRT complex
#> • Glutathione conjugation
#> • Regulation of TP53 Activity through Methylation
#> • Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs)
#> • SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer regulates transcription
#> • Signaling by NODAL
#> • Regulation of the apoptosome activity
#> • RUNX2 regulates osteoblast differentiation
#> • RSK activation
#> • Estrogen-stimulated signaling through PRKCZ
#> • Signaling by Activin
#> • Activation of the AP-1 family of transcription factors
#> • Frs2-mediated activation
#> • Signal attenuation
#> • Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK
#> • ESR-mediated signaling
#> • Negative feedback regulation of MAPK pathway
#> • RHO GTPases Activate NADPH Oxidases
#> • Signaling by MAP2K mutants
#> • phospho-PLA2 pathway
#> • Signaling by MAPK mutants
#> • Processing of SMDT1
#> • WNT mediated activation of DVL
#> • Receptor Mediated Mitophagy
#> • Synthesis of PC
#> • Glucuronidation
#> • Signaling by Hippo
#> • Chk1/Chk2(Cds1) mediated inactivation of Cyclin B:Cdk1 complex
#> • SARS-CoV-1 targets host intracellular signalling and regulatory pathways
#> • SARS-CoV-2 targets host intracellular signalling and regulatory pathways
#> • NADE modulates death signalling
#> • Activation of BAD and translocation to mitochondria
#> • Mitochondrial transcription initiation
#> • ERCC6 (CSB) and EHMT2 (G9a) positively regulate rRNA expression
#> • Transcriptional Regulation by E2F6
#> • Regulation of TP53 Activity through Acetylation
#> • Polo-like kinase mediated events
#> • Cyclin E associated events during G1/S transition
#> • Cyclin A:Cdk2-associated events at S phase entry
#> • Transcription of E2F targets under negative control by p107 (RBL1) and p130
#> (RBL2) in complex with HDAC1
#> • Integration of provirus
#> • APOBEC3G mediated resistance to HIV-1 infection
#> • Calcineurin activates NFAT
#> • Binding and entry of HIV virion
#> • Assembly Of The HIV Virion
#> • Uncoating of the HIV Virion
#> • Minus-strand DNA synthesis
#> • Plus-strand DNA synthesis
#> • Transport to the Golgi and subsequent modification
#> • ERK/MAPK targets
#> • CREB phosphorylation
#> • Glycogen storage disease type II (GAA)
#> • Aspirin ADME
#> • Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transport
#> • Defective SLC16A1 causes symptomatic deficiency in lactate transport (SDLT)
#> • Maturation of nucleoprotein
#> • PTK6 Expression
#> • MECP2 regulates transcription of neuronal ligands
#> • Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalpha
#> • MECP2 regulates neuronal receptors and channels
#> • Loss of MECP2 binding ability to 5mC-DNA
#> • Signaling by ROBO receptors
#> • Defective GSS causes GSS deficiency
#> • Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 mRNA Binding Proteins (IGF2BPs/IMPs/VICKZs)
#> bind RNA
#> • Defective MOGS causes CDG-2b
#> • Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade
#> • Metabolism of polyamines
#> • TP53 regulates transcription of several additional cell death genes whose
#> specific roles in p53-dependent apoptosis remain uncertain
#> • Formation of xylulose-5-phosphate
#> • Fructose biosynthesis
#> • Displacement of DNA glycosylase by APEX1
#> • Abasic sugar-phosphate removal via the single-nucleotide replacement
#> pathway
#> • p75NTR negatively regulates cell cycle via SC1
#> • Cross-presentation of particulate exogenous antigens (phagosomes)
#> • RUNX2 regulates bone development
#> • 5-Phosphoribose 1-diphosphate biosynthesis
#> • Defective Mismatch Repair Associated With MSH3
#> • Collagen degradation
#> • Activated NOTCH1 Transmits Signal to the Nucleus
#> • Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD Domain Mutants
#> • NOTCH2 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus
#> • Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 t(7
#> • 9)(NOTCH1:M1580_K2555) Translocation Mutant
#> • Signaling by EGFR
#> • NOTCH4 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus
#> • Carnitine synthesis
#> • Glycine degradation
#> • CLEC7A (Dectin-1) signaling
#> • Calmodulin induced events
#> • Negative regulation of MET activity
#> • Integrin signaling
#> • PTK6 Down-Regulation
#> • Noncanonical activation of NOTCH3
#> • Defective GALE causes EDG
#> • Synthesis of PIPs at the plasma membrane
#> • Synthesis of PIPs at the Golgi membrane
#> • Enzymatic degradation of dopamine by COMT
#> • Enzymatic degradation of Dopamine by monoamine oxidase
#> • Abnormal conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate
#> • NADPH regeneration
#> • Regulation of TP53 Activity through Association with Co-factors
#> • Glycerophospholipid catabolism
#> • RNA Polymerase I Promoter Opening
#> • Integration of viral DNA into host genomic DNA
#> • Autointegration results in viral DNA circles
#> • Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors)
#> • Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels
#> • G-protein activation
#> • G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma
#> • Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor
#> • ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1
#> • Glucagon-type ligand receptors
#> • Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor
#> • Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins
#> • G beta:gamma signalling through BTK
#> • G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42
#> • Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits
#> • Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation
#> • Activation of RAC1 downstream of NMDARs
#> • RNA Polymerase III Transcription Termination
#> • APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Cyclin B
#> • Phosphorylation of the APC/C
#> • Transcriptional regulation by RUNX2
#> • E2F-enabled inhibition of pre-replication complex formation
#> • Activation of NIMA Kinases NEK9, NEK6, NEK7
#> • G2/M DNA replication checkpoint
#> • Phosphorylation of proteins involved in the G2/M transition by Cyclin
#> A:Cdc2 complexes
#> • Phosphorylation of Emi1
#> • Repression of WNT target genes
#> • Glutamate Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
#> • APEX1-Independent Resolution of AP Sites via the Single Nucleotide
#> Replacement Pathway
#> • Resolution of AP sites via the single-nucleotide replacement pathway
#> • Olfactory Signaling Pathway
#> • Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1)
#> • Activation of the phototransduction cascade
#> • Inactivation of APC/C via direct inhibition of the APC/C complex
#> • APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of mitotic proteins
#> • APC-Cdc20 mediated degradation of Nek2A
#> • Defective GCLC causes HAGGSD
#> • Nuclear signaling by ERBB4
#> • YAP1- and WWTR1 (TAZ)-stimulated gene expression
#> • RUNX3 regulates YAP1-mediated transcription
#> • Regulation of localization of FOXO transcription factors
#> • Rap1 signalling
#> • Myoclonic epilepsy of Lafora
#> • Glycogen storage disease type XV (GYG1)
#> • Glycogen storage disease type 0 (muscle GYS1)
#> • DAP12 signaling
#> • Erythropoietin activates Phospholipase C gamma (PLCG)
#> • Dectin-2 family
#> • Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation
#> • ARMS-mediated activation
#> • Defective GALK1 causes GALCT2
#> • Late Phase of HIV Life Cycle
#> • Activation, myristolyation of BID and translocation to mitochondria
#> • NOTCH4 Intracellular Domain Regulates Transcription
#> • Cholesterol biosynthesis
#> • Abacavir metabolism
#> • NOTCH3 Intracellular Domain Regulates Transcription
#> • Regulation of gene expression in late stage (branching morphogenesis)
#> pancreatic bud precursor cells
#> • RUNX3 regulates NOTCH signaling
#> • InlB-mediated entry of Listeria monocytogenes into host cell
#> • Biogenic amines are oxidatively deaminated to aldehydes by MAOA and MAOB
#> • Signaling by PDGF
#> • Signaling by membrane-tethered fusions of PDGFRA or PDGFRB
#> • Regulation of insulin secretion
#> • Cytosolic sulfonation of small molecules
#> • Synthesis of PE
#> • Inhibition of PKR
#> • Acyl chain remodeling of CL
#> • mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids
#> • Beta oxidation of decanoyl-CoA to octanoyl-CoA-CoA
#> • Beta oxidation of octanoyl-CoA to hexanoyl-CoA
#> • Beta oxidation of hexanoyl-CoA to butanoyl-CoA
#> • Beta oxidation of myristoyl-CoA to lauroyl-CoA
#> • Beta oxidation of lauroyl-CoA to decanoyl-CoA-CoA
#> • Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins
#> • PKA activation
#> • PKA activation in glucagon signalling
#> • CREB1 phosphorylation through the activation of Adenylate Cyclase
#> • ROBO receptors bind AKAP5
#> • RHOT2 GTPase cycle
#> • RHOT1 GTPase cycle
#> • Aflatoxin activation and detoxification
#> • CLEC7A/inflammasome pathway
#> • Striated Muscle Contraction
#> • GDP-fucose biosynthesis
#> • CRMPs in Sema3A signaling
#> • Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an
#> affected purine
#> • Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an
#> affected pyrimidine
#> • Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine
#> • Cleavage of the damaged purine
#> • Packaging Of Telomere Ends
#> • DNA Damage/Telomere Stress Induced Senescence
#> • Telomere C-strand synthesis initiation
#> • RAB geranylgeranylation
#> • Transport of nucleosides and free purine and pyrimidine bases across the
#> plasma membrane
#> • Influenza Virus Induced Apoptosis
#> • Vpr-mediated induction of apoptosis by mitochondrial outer membrane
#> permeabilization
#> • Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX)
#> • Sema4D mediated inhibition of cell attachment and migration
#> • MET Receptor Activation
#> • MET activates RAS signaling
#> • MET activates PI3K/AKT signaling
#> • MET receptor recycling
#> • Drug-mediated inhibition of MET activation
#> • VxPx cargo-targeting to cilium
#> • Regulation of signaling by CBL
#> • PTK6 Regulates RHO GTPases, RAS GTPase and MAP kinases
#> • VLDL clearance
#> • Post-transcriptional silencing by small RNAs
#> • Synthesis of IP2, IP, and Ins in the cytosol
#> • Early Phase of HIV Life Cycle
#> • Urea cycle
#> • Signaling by TCF7L2 mutants
#> • DSCAM interactions
#> • PCP/CE pathway
#> • Pyrimidine catabolism
#> • Nicotinate metabolism
#> • Endosomal Sorting Complex Required For Transport (ESCRT)
#> • Inhibition of membrane repair
#> • Prevention of phagosomal-lysosomal fusion
#> • NF-kB is activated and signals survival
#> • Regulated proteolysis of p75NTR
#> • NOSIP mediated eNOS trafficking
#> • HDL assembly
#> • Loss of phosphorylation of MECP2 at T308
#> • PKA-mediated phosphorylation of key metabolic factors
#> • Sulfide oxidation to sulfate
#> • Glycogen storage disease type IV (GBE1)
#> • Beta oxidation of butanoyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA
#> • TBC/RABGAPs
#> • Amino acid transport across the plasma membrane
#> • Signaling by BMP
#> • FOXO-mediated transcription of cell cycle genes
#> • Germ layer formation at gastrulation
#> • Transcriptional regulation of pluripotent stem cells
#> • RUNX3 regulates BCL2L11 (BIM) transcription
#> • RUNX3 regulates CDKN1A transcription
#> • SMAD4 MH2 Domain Mutants in Cancer
#> • SMAD2/3 MH2 Domain Mutants in Cancer
#> • Anchoring fibril formation
#> • Class I peroxisomal membrane protein import
#> • CD22 mediated BCR regulation
#> • Interleukin receptor SHC signaling
#> • Signaling by ALK
#> • Regulation of KIT signaling
#> • Signaling by cytosolic PDGFRA and PDGFRB fusion proteins
#> • Membrane binding and targetting of GAG proteins
#> • IKK complex recruitment mediated by RIP1
#> • TRAF6-mediated induction of TAK1 complex within TLR4 complex
#> • IRAK2 mediated activation of TAK1 complex upon TLR7/8 or 9 stimulation
#> • Metalloprotease DUBs
#> • Negative regulation of FLT3
#> • Downregulation of ERBB2:ERBB3 signaling
#> • JNK (c-Jun kinases) phosphorylation and activation mediated by activated
#> human TAK1
#> • NOD1/2 Signaling Pathway
#> • TICAM1, RIP1-mediated IKK complex recruitment
#> • p75NTR recruits signalling complexes
#> • IRAK1 recruits IKK complex
#> • IRAK1 recruits IKK complex upon TLR7/8 or 9 stimulation
#> • TICAM1-dependent activation of IRF3/IRF7
#> • TICAM1,TRAF6-dependent induction of TAK1 complex
#> • Modulation by Mtb of host immune system
#> • activated TAK1 mediates p38 MAPK activation
#> • IRAK2 mediated activation of TAK1 complex
#> • Alpha-protein kinase 1 signaling pathway
#> • RAS processing
#> • Regulation of FZD by ubiquitination
#> • InlA-mediated entry of Listeria monocytogenes into host cells
#> • TGF-beta receptor signaling in EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition)
#> • NRIF signals cell death from the nucleus
#> • Downregulation of ERBB4 signaling
#> • Regulation of innate immune responses to cytosolic DNA
#> • PTK6 Regulates RTKs and Their Effectors AKT1 and DOK1
#> • Regulation of PTEN localization
#> • Pexophagy
#> • Maturation of protein E
#> • FLT3 signaling by CBL mutants
#> • TRAF6 mediated IRF7 activation in TLR7/8 or 9 signaling
#> • Androgen biosynthesis
#> • Coenzyme A biosynthesis
#> • O-linked glycosylation of mucins
#> • Suppression of autophagy
#> • Insertion of tail-anchored proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane
#> • Reelin signalling pathway
#> • RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 3 Promoter
#> • RNA Polymerase III Chain Elongation
#> • Pyrimidine salvage
#> • STAT6-mediated induction of chemokines
#> • IRF3 mediated activation of type 1 IFN
#> • Retinoid metabolism and transport
#> • Cation-coupled Chloride cotransporters
#> • MyD88 deficiency (TLR2/4)
#> • IRAK4 deficiency (TLR2/4)
#> • Regulation of TLR by endogenous ligand
#> • Pyroptosis
#> • Synthesis of PIPs at the early endosome membrane
#> • Synthesis of PIPs at the late endosome membrane
#> • IKBKB deficiency causes SCID
#> • IKBKG deficiency causes anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with
#> immunodeficiency (EDA-ID) (via TLR)
#> • AKT phosphorylates targets in the cytosol
#> • Synthesis of GDP-mannose
#> • Defective MPI causes MPI-CDG
#> • Signaling by MST1
#> • Defective HPRT1 disrupts guanine and hypoxanthine salvage
#> • Defective PAPSS2 causes SEMD-PA
#> • Attachment of GPI anchor to uPAR
#> • Synthesis of Dolichyl-phosphate
#> • PI and PC transport between ER and Golgi membranes
#> • Vitamins B6 activation to pyridoxal phosphate
#> • TALDO1 deficiency: failed conversion of SH7P, GA3P to Fru(6)P, E4P
#> • TALDO1 deficiency: failed conversion of Fru(6)P, E4P to SH7P, GA3P
#> • Sialic acid metabolism
#> • Blockage of phagosome acidification
#> • PI3K/AKT activation
#> • RHO GTPases Activate Rhotekin and Rhophilins
#> • SLIT2:ROBO1 increases RHOA activity
#> • Axonal growth stimulation
#> • Small interfering RNA (siRNA) biogenesis
#> • Intrinsic Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation
#> • Apoptotic factor-mediated response
#> • Defective Intrinsic Pathway for Apoptosis Due to p14ARF Loss of Function
#> • Nuclear Envelope Breakdown
#> • Phosphorylation of CD3 and TCR zeta chains
#> • Organic anion transporters
#> • The canonical retinoid cycle in rods (twilight vision)
#> • Retinoid cycle disease events
#> • Trafficking of myristoylated proteins to the cilium
#> • Miscellaneous transport and binding events
#> • Phenylalanine metabolism
#> • Essential pentosuria
#> • Processive synthesis on the lagging strand
#> • Processive synthesis on the C-strand of the telomere
#> • Conversion from APC/C:Cdc20 to APC/C:Cdh1 in late anaphase
#> • Regulation of APC/C activators between G1/S and early anaphase
#> • Aberrant regulation of mitotic exit in cancer due to RB1 defects
#> • Mitochondrial ABC transporters
#> • Defective ABCB6 causes MCOPCB7
#> • Interactions of Tat with host cellular proteins
#> • Signaling by plasma membrane FGFR1 fusions
#> • Defective APRT disrupts adenine salvage
#> • Serotonin Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
#> • Norepinephrine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
#> • Dopamine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
#> • Acetylcholine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
#> • Toxicity of botulinum toxin type B (botB)
#> • Toxicity of botulinum toxin type G (botG)
#> • CDC6 association with the ORC:origin complex
#> • Propionyl-CoA catabolism
#> • Defective MMAA causes MMA, cblA type
#> • Defective MUT causes MMAM
#> • Cobalamin (Cbl) metabolism
#> • Synaptic adhesion-like molecules
#> • rRNA modification in the mitochondrion
#> • TP53 Regulates Transcription of Genes Involved in Cytochrome C Release
#> • HS-GAG degradation
#> • Keratan sulfate degradation
#> • Defective NEU1 causes sialidosis
#> • MPS IV - Morquio syndrome B
#> • Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide
#> • Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygen
#> • Erythrocytes take up oxygen and release carbon dioxide
#> • Release of Hh-Np from the secreting cell
#> • TNF signaling
#> • Ras activation upon Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptor
#> • Unblocking of NMDA receptors, glutamate binding and activation
#> • Negative regulation of NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal transmission
#> • Long-term potentiation
#> • Trafficking of AMPA receptors
#> • Phase 0 - rapid depolarisation
#> • FCGR activation
#> • Role of LAT2/NTAL/LAB on calcium mobilization
#> • Erythropoietin activates Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)
#> • Erythropoietin activates STAT5
#> • Erythropoietin activates RAS
#> • CD28 co-stimulation
#> • Mitotic Telophase/Cytokinesis
#> • trans-Golgi Network Vesicle Budding
#> • RHO GTPases regulate CFTR trafficking
#> • PI5P Regulates TP53 Acetylation
#> • Synthesis of PIPs in the nucleus
#> • AKT phosphorylates targets in the nucleus
#> • MTOR signalling
#> • FLT3 Signaling
#> • RUNX2 regulates genes involved in cell migration
#> • AKT-mediated inactivation of FOXO1A
#> • RPIA deficiency: failed conversion of R5P to RU5P
#> • RPIA deficiency: failed conversion of RU5P to R5P
#> • Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway
#> • Threonine catabolism
#> • Cysteine formation from homocysteine
#> • Signaling by RAS GAP mutants
#> • Signaling by RAS GTPase mutants
#> • RUNX3 regulates p14-ARF
#> • Endosomal/Vacuolar pathway
#> • Chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis
#> • Transcriptional Regulation by MECP2
#> • Inhibition of Host mRNA Processing and RNA Silencing
#> • Acyl chain remodeling of DAG and TAG
#> • Translation of Replicase and Assembly of the Replication Transcription
#> Complex
#> • Activation of caspases through apoptosome-mediated cleavage
#> • SMAC (DIABLO) binds to IAPs
#> • SMAC(DIABLO)-mediated dissociation of IAP:caspase complexes
#> • Defective GNE causes sialuria, NK and IBM2
#> • Synthesis of IPs in the ER lumen
#> • Tight junction interactions
#> • Digestion
#> • Regulation by c-FLIP
#> • RIPK1-mediated regulated necrosis
#> • CASP8 activity is inhibited
#> • TP53 Regulates Transcription of Death Receptors and Ligands
#> • Dimerization of procaspase-8
#> • TRAIL signaling
#> • Post-translational modification: synthesis of GPI-anchored proteins
#> • TGFBR1 LBD Mutants in Cancer
#> • Transport of fatty acids
#> • Defective SLC27A4 causes ichthyosis prematurity syndrome (IPS)
#> • Wax biosynthesis
#> • Estrogen biosynthesis
#> • Synthesis of Lipoxins (LX)
#> • p38MAPK events
#> • Activation of PPARGC1A (PGC-1alpha) by phosphorylation
#> • Activation of SMO
#> • G alpha (s) signalling events
#> • SHC1 events in ERBB4 signaling
#> • Signalling to RAS
#> • Interleukin-2 signaling
#> • Reactions specific to the complex N-glycan synthesis pathway
#> • Activation and oligomerization of BAK protein
#> • Activation, translocation and oligomerization of BAX
#> • Alpha-oxidation of phytanate
#> • Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterol
#> • Astrocytic Glutamate-Glutamine Uptake And Metabolism
#> • MTF1 activates gene expression
#> • Interleukin-18 signaling
#> • Synthesis of wybutosine at G37 of tRNA(Phe)
#> • Proline catabolism
#> • Reversal of alkylation damage by DNA dioxygenases
#> • RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of
#> myeloid cells
#> • RUNX2 regulates genes involved in differentiation of myeloid cells
#> • TRIF-mediated programmed cell death
#> • TLR3-mediated TICAM1-dependent programmed cell death
#> • TNFR1-induced proapoptotic signaling
#> • Microbial modulation of RIPK1-mediated regulated necrosis
#> • FasL/ CD95L signaling
#> • Defective RIPK1-mediated regulated necrosis
#> • DCC mediated attractive signaling
#> • Inactivation of CDC42 and RAC1
#> • Synthesis of PIPs at the ER membrane
#> • SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR1
#> • SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR2
#> • Signaling by FGFR2 in disease
#> • SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR3
#> • SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR4
#> • Signaling by FGFR3 in disease
#> • Activation of RAS in B cells
#> • SOS-mediated signalling
#> • SHC-related events triggered by IGF1R
#> • Signaling by FGFR4 in disease
#> • RAS signaling downstream of NF1 loss-of-function variants
#> • Insulin receptor signalling cascade
#> • Activated NTRK2 signals through RAS
#> • Activated NTRK3 signals through RAS
#> • Signaling by FLT3 ITD and TKD mutants
#> • Defective binding of RB1 mutants to E2F1,(E2F2, E2F3)
#> • Phosphorylation of proteins involved in G1/S transition by active Cyclin
#> E:Cdk2 complexes
#> • Defective translocation of RB1 mutants to the nucleus
#> • Replication of the SARS-CoV-1 genome
#> • Replication of the SARS-CoV-2 genome
#> • Degradation of GABA
#> • FOXO-mediated transcription of cell death genes
#> • Regulation of FOXO transcriptional activity by acetylation
#> • Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factors
#> • Regulation of gene expression by Hypoxia-inducible Factor
#> • Release of apoptotic factors from the mitochondria
#> • Interconversion of 2-oxoglutarate and 2-hydroxyglutarate
#> • Tryptophan catabolism
#> • Bicarbonate transporters
#> • Defective PMM2 causes PMM2-CDG
#> • SMAD2/3 Phosphorylation Motif Mutants in Cancer
#> • TGFBR1 KD Mutants in Cancer
#> • Signaling by ERBB2
#> • Regulation of commissural axon pathfinding by SLIT and ROBO
#> • Activated NTRK2 signals through FYN
#> • Activated NTRK3 signals through PI3K
#> • Costimulation by the CD28 family
#> • Hyaluronan uptake and degradation
#> • Acyl chain remodelling of PI
#> • Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) metabolism
#> • Cilium Assembly
#> • Acyl chain remodelling of PC
#> • MPS IIID - Sanfilippo syndrome D
#> • TP53 Regulates Transcription of Genes Involved in G1 Cell Cycle Arrest
#> • p53-Dependent G1 DNA Damage Response
#> • TFAP2 (AP-2) family regulates transcription of cell cycle factors
#> • Transcriptional activation of cell cycle inhibitor p21
#> • Disinhibition of SNARE formation
#> • Binding of TCF/LEF:CTNNB1 to target gene promoters
#> • RUNX3 regulates WNT signaling
#> • SUMOylation of intracellular receptors
#> • Vitamin D (calciferol) metabolism
#> • Negative regulation of activity of TFAP2 (AP-2) family transcription
#> factors
#> • Ubiquinol biosynthesis
#> • GRB7 events in ERBB2 signaling
#> • Transcription-Coupled Nucleotide Excision Repair (TC-NER)
#> • O-linked glycosylation
#> • Defective POMGNT1 causes MDDGA3, MDDGB3 and MDDGC3
#> • Defective POMT2 causes MDDGA2, MDDGB2 and MDDGC2
#> • Defective POMT1 causes MDDGA1, MDDGB1 and MDDGC1
#> • Acyl chain remodelling of PG
#> • NTRK3 as a dependence receptor
#> • Nectin/Necl trans heterodimerization
#> • Formation of the Editosome
#> • Defective ADA disrupts (deoxy)adenosine deamination
#> • ABC transporters in lipid homeostasis
#> • Defective OPLAH causes OPLAHD
#> • GABA receptor activation
#> • Invadopodia formation
#> • RAF-independent MAPK1/3 activation
#> • Lysosomal oligosaccharide catabolism
#> • RUNX1 regulates expression of components of tight junctions
#> • RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of
#> keratinocytes
#> • RUNX1 regulates estrogen receptor mediated transcription
#> • RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in WNT signaling
#> • RUNX1 and FOXP3 control the development of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs)
#> • RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in interleukin signaling
#> • RUNX2 regulates chondrocyte maturation
#> • RUNX3 Regulates Immune Response and Cell Migration
#> • RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in BCR signaling
#> • RUNX3 regulates RUNX1-mediated transcription
#> • TRP channels
#> • SARS-CoV-1-mediated effects on programmed cell death
#> • Cellular response to hypoxia
#> • SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA expression
#> • Defective NTHL1 substrate processing
#> • Defective NTHL1 substrate binding
#> • Regulation of HMOX1 expression and activity
#> • Activation of PUMA and translocation to mitochondria
#> • XAV939 stabilizes AXIN
#> • Arachidonic acid metabolism
#> • Acyl chain remodelling of PE
#> • Hydrolysis of LPC
#> • Sodium/Calcium exchangers
#> • Fatty acids
#> • Miscellaneous substrates
#> • Eicosanoids
#> • Maturation of replicase proteins
#> • Phospholipase C-mediated cascade: FGFR1
#> • Phospholipase C-mediated cascade
#> • FGFR2
#> • FGFR3
#> • FGFR4
#> • Role of second messengers in netrin-1 signaling
#> • PLC-gamma1 signalling
#> • Activated NTRK2 signals through PLCG1
#> • Activated NTRK3 signals through PLCG1
#> • MPS IIIA - Sanfilippo syndrome A
#> • Synthesis of PG
#> • Metallothioneins bind metals
#> • A tetrasaccharide linker sequence is required for GAG synthesis
#> • Defective B4GALT7 causes EDS, progeroid type
#> • Defective B3GAT3 causes JDSSDHD
#> • Defective B3GALT6 causes EDSP2 and SEMDJL1
#> • Dermatan sulfate biosynthesis
#> • CS/DS degradation
#> • Defective CHST3 causes SEDCJD
#> • Defective CHST14 causes EDS, musculocontractural type
#> • Defective CHSY1 causes TPBS
#> • Activation of BIM and translocation to mitochondria
#> • Activation of BMF and translocation to mitochondria
#> • HS-GAG biosynthesis
#> • Defective EXT2 causes exostoses 2
#> • Defective EXT1 causes exostoses 1, TRPS2 and CHDS
#> • Elastic fibre formation
#> • Negative regulation of TCF-dependent signaling by DVL-interacting proteins
#> • WNT5:FZD7-mediated leishmania damping
#> • DNA replication initiation
#> • Defective Inhibition of DNA Recombination at Telomere Due to DAXX Mutations
#> • Defective Inhibition of DNA Recombination at Telomere Due to ATRX Mutations
#> • Synthesis of dolichyl-phosphate-glucose
#> • Caspase activation via Dependence Receptors in the absence of ligand
#> • NOTCH2 intracellular domain regulates transcription
#> • Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic
#> Polypeptide (GIP)
#> • Synthesis, secretion, and deacylation of Ghrelin
#> • Defective MAOA causes BRUNS
#> • Choline catabolism
#> • Transport of bile salts and organic acids, metal ions and amine compounds
#> • Biosynthesis of the N-glycan precursor (dolichol lipid-linked
#> oligosaccharide, LLO) and transfer to a nascent protein
#> • Defective ALG2 causes CDG-1i
#> • Pre-NOTCH Processing in the Endoplasmic Reticulum
#> • Synthesis of PS
#> • Activation of AKT2
#> • Negative regulation of the PI3K/AKT network
#> • PDE3B signalling
#> • Inhibition of TSC complex formation by PKB
#> • Synthesis of 15-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives
#> • Synthesis of 12-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives
#> • Synthesis of 5-eicosatetraenoic acids
#> • Cellular hexose transport
#> • Lactose synthesis
#> • Defective SLC2A1 causes GLUT1 deficiency syndrome 1 (GLUT1DS1)
#> • Common Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation
#> • Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion
#> • Cholesterol biosynthesis via desmosterol
#> • Cholesterol biosynthesis via lathosterol
#> • Evasion of Oncogene Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A binding to
#> CDK4 and CDK6
#> • Evasion of Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A
#> binding to CDK4 and CDK6
#> • Drug-mediated inhibition of CDK4/CDK6 activity
#> • NTRK2 activates RAC1
#> • Activated NTRK2 signals through CDK5
#> • Defective TPMT causes TPMT deficiency
#> • Maturation of protein 3a
#> • Peroxisomal lipid metabolism
#> • MyD88:MAL(TIRAP) cascade initiated on plasma membrane
#> • TRAF6 mediated induction of NFkB and MAP kinases upon TLR7/8 or 9
#> activation
#> • MyD88 cascade initiated on plasma membrane
#> • Defective LFNG causes SCDO3
#> • Interleukin-38 signaling
#> • CYP2E1 reactions
#> • Resolution of D-loop Structures through Holliday Junction Intermediates
#> • Resolution of D-loop Structures through Synthesis-Dependent Strand
#> Annealing (SDSA)
#> • Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR) due to BRCA1
#> loss-of-function
#> • Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2
#> loss of BRCA1 binding function
#> • Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2
#> loss of BRCA2/RAD51/RAD51C binding function
#> • Impaired BRCA2 binding to PALB2
#> • Arachidonate production from DAG
#> • Regulation of Complement cascade
#> • Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis
#> • Synthesis of pyrophosphates in the cytosol
#> • Tyrosine catabolism
#> • NCAM1 interactions
#> • Collagen chain trimerization
#> • Linoleic acid (LA) metabolism
#> • Transport of vitamins, nucleosides, and related molecules
#> • Defective SLC33A1 causes spastic paraplegia 42 (SPG42)
#> • Electric Transmission Across Gap Junctions
#> • Neurofascin interactions
#> • Activation of the mRNA upon binding of the cap-binding complex and eIFs,
#> and subsequent binding to 43S
#> • TCF dependent signaling in response to WNT
#> • IRS activation
#> • NR1H2 & NR1H3 regulate gene expression linked to triglyceride lipolysis in
#> adipose
#> • NR1H2 & NR1H3 regulate gene expression to control bile acid homeostasis
#> • NR1H2 & NR1H3 regulate gene expression to limit cholesterol uptake
#> • NR1H2 & NR1H3 regulate gene expression linked to gluconeogenesis
#> • STING mediated induction of host immune responses
#> • TP53 Regulates Transcription of Caspase Activators and Caspases
#> • PI3K events in ERBB4 signaling
#> • Activated NTRK2 signals through PI3K
#> • Zinc efflux and compartmentalization by the SLC30 family
#> • Protein repair
#> • Transport of nucleotide sugars
#> • Zinc influx into cells by the SLC39 gene family
#> • MPS VII - Sly syndrome
#> • Defective MMAB causes MMA, cblB type
#> • Antimicrobial peptides
#> • Terminal pathway of complement
#> • Defective ABCD1 causes ALD
#> • MPS IV - Morquio syndrome A
#> • Triglyceride biosynthesis
#> • PTK6 Regulates Cell Cycle
#> • ARL13B-mediated ciliary trafficking of INPP5E
#> • MPS IIIB - Sanfilippo syndrome B
#> • Evasion of Oncogene Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A binding to
#> CDK4
#> • Evasion of Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A
#> binding to CDK4
#> • The activation of arylsulfatases
#> • Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis
#> • Phosphate bond hydrolysis by NUDT proteins
#> • Sodium-coupled phosphate cotransporters
#> • Defective SLC20A2 causes idiopathic basal ganglia calcification 1 (IBGC1)
#> • Assembly of active LPL and LIPC lipase complexes
#> • Signaling by RNF43 mutants
#> • cGMP effects
#> • The NLRP1 inflammasome
#> • Defective MAN1B1 causes MRT15
#> • O-glycosylation of TSR domain-containing proteins
#> • Physiological factors
#> • Gamma carboxylation, hypusine formation and arylsulfatase activation
#> • Defective ALG1 causes CDG-1k
#> • Ceramide signalling
#> • NFG and proNGF binds to p75NTR
#> • UNC93B1 deficiency - HSE
#> • Defective RFT1 causes CDG-1n
#> • SARS-CoV-2 targets PDZ proteins in cell-cell junction
#> • SARS-CoV-1 targets PDZ proteins in cell-cell junction
#> • AMPK inhibits chREBP transcriptional activation activity
#> • Synthesis of dolichyl-phosphate mannose
#> • Defective DPM1 causes DPM1-CDG
#> • Defective DPM3 causes DPM3-CDG
#> • Defective DPM2 causes DPM2-CDG
#> • Defective SLC35A2 causes congenital disorder of glycosylation 2M (CDG2M)
#> • Activation of NOXA and translocation to mitochondria
#> • Defective ALG8 causes CDG-1h
#> • Regulation of cortical dendrite branching
#> • TNF receptor superfamily (TNFSF) members mediating non-canonical NF-kB
#> pathway
#> • ALKBH2 mediated reversal of alkylation damage
#> • Defective GALT can cause GALCT
#> • Vitamin B1 (thiamin) metabolism
#> • Recycling of bile acids and salts
#> • Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 27-hydroxycholesterol
#> • TNFs bind their physiological receptors
#> • Defective CD320 causes MMATC
#> • Synthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)
#> • Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases
#> • Stabilization of p53
#> • Platelet homeostasis
#> • Entry of Influenza Virion into Host Cell via Endocytosis
#> • Defective SLC35A1 causes congenital disorder of glycosylation 2F (CDG2F)
#> • Defective SLC17A5 causes Salla disease (SD) and ISSD
#> • Synthesis of PI
#> • Metal ion SLC transporters
#> • Histidine catabolism
#> • SUMO is proteolytically processed
#> • Defective ALG6 causes CDG-1c
#> • Extrinsic Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation
#> • Scavenging of heme from plasma
#> • The retinoid cycle in cones (daylight vision)
#> • PKA-mediated phosphorylation of CREB
#> • CREB1 phosphorylation through NMDA receptor-mediated activation of RAS
#> signaling
#> • MECP2 regulates transcription factors
#> • Defective SLC12A6 causes agenesis of the corpus callosum, with peripheral
#> neuropathy (ACCPN)
#> • Transcriptional regulation of testis differentiation
#> • FGFR3c ligand binding and activation
#> • Defective GALNT3 causes HFTC
#> • Chylomicron clearance
#> • Progressive trimming of alpha-1,2-linked mannose residues from
#> Man9/8/7GlcNAc2 to produce Man5GlcNAc2
#> • Transport of organic anions
#> • Defective GALNT12 causes CRCS1
#> • Acetylation
#> • Negative regulation of TCF-dependent signaling by WNT ligand antagonists
#> • Signaling by LRP5 mutants
#> • Defective ALG11 causes CDG-1p
#> • Sensory perception of salty taste
#> • Defective MPDU1 causes CDG-1f
#> • PTEN Loss of Function in Cancer
#> • Regulation of PTEN mRNA translation
#> • Defective ALG3 causes CDG-1d
#> • Defective ALG14 causes ALG14-CMS
#> • Sodium/Proton exchangers
#> • Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse
#> • Tandem of pore domain in a weak inwardly rectifying K+ channels (TWIK)
#> • Phase 4 - resting membrane potential
#> • IL-6-type cytokine receptor ligand interactions
#> • IRAK4 deficiency (TLR5)
#> • Expression and translocation of olfactory receptors
#> • Scavenging by Class B Receptors
#> • HDL clearance
#> • Defective ABCA1 causes TGD
#> • Chylomicron remodeling
#> • HDL remodeling
#> • Defective SLC39A4 causes acrodermatitis enteropathica, zinc-deficiency type
#> (AEZ)
#> • Defective MTRR causes HMAE
#> • Defective MTR causes HMAG
#> • Homologous DNA Pairing and Strand Exchange
#> • G0 and Early G1
#> • Mtb iron assimilation by chelation
#> • Metal sequestration by antimicrobial proteins
#> • FGFRL1 modulation of FGFR1 signaling
#> • ATF6 (ATF6-alpha) activates chaperones
#> • CREB3 factors activate genes
#> • Defective DHDDS causes RP59
#> • Defective SLC35C1 causes congenital disorder of glycosylation 2C (CDG2C)
#> • Ca2+ activated K+ channels
#> • Mitotic Metaphase/Anaphase Transition
#> • Removal of aminoterminal propeptides from gamma-carboxylated proteins
#> • NGF processing
#> • Synthesis and processing of ENV and VPU
#> • Xenobiotics
#> • Defective B3GALTL causes PpS
#> • Keratan sulfate biosynthesis
#> • Termination of O-glycan biosynthesis
#> • Defective C1GALT1C1 causes TNPS
#> • Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides
#> • Defective SLC1A3 causes episodic ataxia 6 (EA6)
#> • Proton/oligopeptide cotransporters
#> • Prednisone ADME
#> • Regulation by TREX1
#> • Phosphate bond hydrolysis by NTPDase proteins
#> • Organic anion transport
#> • Defective MGAT2 causes CDG-2a
#> • Lipid particle organization
#> • N-Glycan antennae elongation
#> • Interaction With Cumulus Cells And The Zona Pellucida
#> • Defective B4GALT1 causes B4GALT1-CDG (CDG-2d)
#> • Defective B4GALT1 causes CDG-2d
#> • Atorvastatin ADME
#> • Defective ABCC2 causes DJS
#> • Lewis blood group biosynthesis
#> • Na+/Cl- dependent neurotransmitter transporters
#> • Dopamine clearance from the synaptic cleft
#> • Defective SLC6A3 causes Parkinsonism-dystonia infantile (PKDYS)
#> • APC truncation mutants are not K63 polyubiquitinated
#> • Defective ALG12 causes CDG-1g
#> • Defective DPAGT1 causes CDG-1j, CMSTA2
#> • Adenylate cyclase activating pathway
#> • Defective Mismatch Repair Associated With MLH1
#> • Defective Mismatch Repair Associated With PMS2
#> • IRS-related events triggered by IGF1R
#> • Netrin-1 signaling
#> • Activation of C3 and C5
#> • Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
#> • PI Metabolism
#> • Regulation of NPAS4 gene transcription
#> • Gamma-carboxylation of protein precursors
#> • Defective gamma-carboxylation of F9
#> • NrCAM interactions
#> • Neurotransmitter release cycle
#> • Metabolism of vitamin K
#> • Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors)
#> • Lysosphingolipid and LPA receptors
#> • TGFBR2 Kinase Domain Mutants in Cancer
#> • Serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis
#> • Amine ligand-binding receptors